There is no definitive answer to this question ~ it's all based on interpretation and opinion.
For a single childminder working from a normal residential family home (what's called Use Class C3a in planning jargon!) your local Planning Department should be taking note of current Government guidance that (in 2012) advises:
"…support in principle small-scale and ICT-based home working in residential areas…"
and
"Permission is not normally required where the use of part of a dwelling-house for business purposes does not change the overall character of the property's use as a single dwelling. For example, the use by a householder of a room as an office, or childminding complying with the Department of Health's standard recommended ratios, would be unlikely to mean that the character of the house's use as a single dwelling had ceased and would not normally require planning permission."
But as you can see it includes vague words like 'in principle', 'not normally required', 'unlikely' and 'a room' which leads to Each Council having a different interpretation. Unfortunately the decision is often based on the interpretation (and perhaps even whim) of the particular planning officer concerned.
However, this is further complicated if you are in a Conservation Area, working with an assistant, judged to be increasing traffic and parking difficulties over the norm ~ even using more than one room ~ amongst many, many other considerations. In other words, if they want to…they can probably get you!
So the bottom line is if you want to be absolutely sure you will need to discuss it with the local Planning Department…and, if you do ask, they may want to make a formal (i.e. expensive) ruling.
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